Many Struggle for Work Permit 11/27 05:41

   

   HOMESTEAD, Fla. (AP) -- In New York, migrants at a city-run shelter grumble 
that relatives who settled before them refuse to offer a bed. In Chicago, a 
provider of mental health services to people in the country illegally pivoted 
to new arrivals sleeping at a police station across the street. In South 
Florida, some immigrants complain that people who came later get work permits 
that are out of reach for them.

   Across the country, mayors, governors and others have been forceful 
advocates for newly arrived migrants seeking shelter and work permits. Their 
efforts and existing laws have exposed tensions among immigrants who have been 
in the country for years, even decades, and don't have the same benefits, 
notably work permits. And some new arrivals feel established immigrants have 
given them cold shoulders.

   Thousands of immigrants marched this month in Washington to ask that 
President Joe Biden extend work authorization to longtime residents as well. 
Signs read, "Work permits for all!" and "I have been waiting 34 years for a 
permit."

   Despite a brief lull when new asylum restrictions took effect in May, 
arrests for illegal border crossings from Mexico topped 2 million for the 
second year in a row in the government's budget year ending Sept. 30. 
Additionally, hundreds of thousands of migrants have been legally admitted to 
the country over the last year under new policies aimed at discouraging illegal 
crossings.

   "The growing wave of arrivals make our immigration advocacy more 
challenging. Their arrival has created some tensions, some questioning," said 
U.S. Rep. Jesus "Chuy" Garcia, a Chicago Democrat whose largely Latino district 
includes a large immigrant population. People have been "waiting for decades 
for an opportunity to get a green card to legalize and have a pathway to 
citizenship."

   Asylum-seekers must wait six months for work authorization. Processing takes 
no more than 1.5 months for 80% of applicants, according to U.S. Citizenship 
and Immigration Services.

   Those who cross the border on the Biden administration's new legal pathways 
have no required waiting period at all. Under temporary legal status known as 
parole, 270,000 people from Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua and Venezuela arrived 
through October by applying online with a financial sponsor. Another 324,000 
got appointments to enter at a land crossing with Mexico by using a mobile app 
called CBP One.

   The administration said in September that it would work to reduce wait times 
for work permits to 30 days for those using the new pathways. By late 
September, it had blasted 1.4 million emails and texts reminding who was 
eligible to work.

   Jos Guerrero, who worked in construction after arriving 27 years ago from 
Mexico, acknowledged many new arrivals felt compelled to flee their countries. 
He says he wants the same treatment.

   "All these immigrants come and they give them everything so easily, and 
nothing to us that have been working for years and paying taxes," Guerrero, now 
a landscaper in Homestead, Florida, about 39 miles (63 kilometers) south of 
Miami. "They give these people everything in their hands."

   The White House is asking Congress for $1.4 billion for food, shelter and 
other services for new arrivals. The mayors of New York, Denver, Chicago, Los 
Angeles and Houston wrote President Joe Biden last month to seek $5 billion, 
noting the influx has drained budgets and cut essential services.

   The mayors also support temporary status --- and work permits --- for people 
who have been in the U.S. longer but have focused on new arrivals.

   "All of the newcomers arriving in our cities are looking for the chance to 
work, and every day we get calls from business leaders who have unfilled jobs 
and want to hire these newcomers," the mayors wrote. "We can successfully 
welcome and integrate these newcomers and help them pursue the American Dream 
if they have a chance to work."

   Many new arrivals are indisputably in dire circumstances, including some who 
hoped to join relatives and friends but find their calls blocked and messages 
unreturned.

   Angel Hernandez, a Venezuelan who walked through Panama's notorious Darien 
Gap rainforest, where he witnessed corpses, was sorely disappointed when he 
reached New York. The construction worker said he and his aunt, uncle and their 
two children left Colombia after more than three years because work dried up.

   Hernandez, 20, planned to settle with his uncle's brother, who settled in 
the United States about a year earlier and lives in a house with a steady job. 
His job search has been fruitless.

   "Everyone is out for themselves," he said outside the Roosevelt Hotel, a 
Midtown Manhattan property that was closed until the city opened it for 
migrants in May.

   The influx has put many immigrant services groups in a financial bind.

   For decades, the Latino Treatment Center has provided help with drug abuse 
to many immigrants living in Chicago without legal status. It started helping 
new arrivals sleeping at the police station across the street, fixing a shower 
in the office for migrants to use a few days a week and offering counseling.

   "It is such a unique situation that we weren't set up for," said Adriana 
Trino, the group's executive director. "This has been a whole different 
wheelhouse, the needs are so different."

   Many organizations deny friction and say they have been able to make ends 
meet.

   "We're trying to keep a balance of doing both -- people who have been here 
for years and people who are arriving, and so far we have been able to serve 
everybody," said Diego Torres of the Latin American Coalition, which assists 
immigrants in Charlotte, North Carolina.

   In Atlanta, the Latin American Association says it has spent $50,000 this 
year on temporary housing and other aid for new arrivals. Santiago Marquez, the 
organization's chief executive, hasn't sensed resentment.

   "Our core clients -- most of them are immigrants -- they understand the 
plight," he said. "They've gone through it. They understand."

   Still, it's easy to find immigrants with deep roots in the United States who 
chafe about unequal treatment.

   A 45-year-old Mexican woman who came to the United States 25 years ago and 
has three U.S.-born children said it was unfair that new arrivals get work 
permits over her. She earns $150 a week picking sweet potatoes in Homestead.

   "For a humanitarian reason, they are giving opportunities to those who are 
arriving, and what is the humanity with us?" said the woman, who asked that she 
be identified by her last name only, Hernandez, because she fears being 
deported.

   The Washington rally reflected an effort by advocates to push for work 
permits for all, regardless of when they came.

   "It is a system that has strained our city and, at this moment, it brings 
conflict between neighbors." Lawrence Benito, head of the Illinois Coalition 
for Immigrant and Refugee Rights, said at a Chicago rally last month.